Middle+Ages

By: Amanda Levin & Abi Lundstrom 1000-1500

"God wills it!" -Pope Urban II (Glencoe's World History Book) media type="youtube" key="PLNrxajzGCw" width="425" height="350"media type="custom" key="11404650" 1. **__Charlemagne-__** "Holy Barbarian" ruled form 768-814 "Charless the Great" founded Carolingian Empire. He united Europe for the first time, spread chritianity, created the Carolingian Renaissance and feudalism. 2. **__Charles Martel-__** "The Hammer" led the Battle of Tours in 732 AD, which was the first battle to have knights in armor. He also defeated Muslims and started feudalism. 3. **__William Marshal-__**1189 AD the Greatest knight of all time doing chivalrous acts He served four kings; Henry II, richard the Lionheart, John and Henry III 4. **__Saladin-__**"the Magnificent" Muslim General in which Jerusalem fell to the Muslims in 1187, the third crusade. He was the first Sultan of Egypt and Syria, and founded teh Ayyubid Dynasty. 5. **__Joan of Arc-__**"the Maid" 1412-1431 inspired the French victory over england during the 100 years war. She was a peasant girl born in eastern France who claimed to have divine guidance and became a heroine of France.
 * 5 PEOPLE **

1.**__Monk-__** A man who separates himself from ordinary human society in order to pursue a life of total dedication to God. 2.**__Manor-__** An very large agricultural estate run and owned by a lord, king, or queen and peasants were hired to worked here. 3.**__Black Death-__** A disastrous change, it was the most devistating natural disaster in European history. It was known as the Bubonic plague, and it was spread by rats infested with fleas. 4.**__C____hivalry-__** Code of ethics that knights were supposed to uphold. If they did not follow these they could get into alot of trouble. 5.**__E____state-__T**he classes of the French, there were three, the clergy(first estate), nobles(second estate) and the townspeople and peasants (third estate).
 * 5 TERMS- **



By the third century began moving into the Roman Empire. The kingdom of the Franks, France’s name derived from this, was established by Clovis. By 510 the new Frankish kingdom stretched stretched from the Pyrenees Mountains in the southwest to the German Lands in the east. Churches had developed organization. Leaders, popes, became the head of the church. Monks, men that devoted their lives together and were led by an abbot formed in region. Nuns, monks that were women, also began to practice religion. The Christian religion had grown. The Carolingian empire had been created by Charlemagne. From 768 to 814 he expanded the Franks territory it covered much of western and central Europe.

The Carolingian Empire began to Fall apart soon after Charlemagne’s death. It got divided among his grandsons into three parts. Feudalism became a way to have an agreement between leaders and warriors. They made an oath each other so there were defined warriors. Knights then came to be heavily popular in warfare. A time came when wealth was based on land primary.

A better government began form; common law had replaced law codes that varied from place to place. The Magna Carta gave a written recognition to the feudal contracts between lords and vassals. Phillip IV also brought a French Parliament into place by meeting with representatives from the clergy, nobles, and townspeople and peasants. Crusades became a result of two parties, Christians and Muslims, wanting control over the holy land. There had been four crusades in addition to the Children’s Crusade and the People’s Crusade.

[|click here to learn more about the middle ages] [|the feudal system is explained here] [|all you need to know about the middle ages] [|middle ages for kids!] [|life during the middle ages]

**__TIMELINE__**
 * 410AD:** Visigoths sack Rome
 * 510AD:** Clovis establishes Frankish kingdom
 * 534AD:** Justinian codifies Roman law in The Body of Civil Law
 * 768AD:** Charlemagne becomes Frankish king
 * 800AD:** Charlemagne crowned Roman emperor
 * 962AD:** Otto I crowned emperor of the Romans
 * 1054AD:** Schism begins between Eastern and Western Churches
 * 1066AD:** Battle of Hastings fought
 * 1096AD:** Crusades begin
 * 1215AD:** Magna Carta is signed
 * 1453AD:** Byzantium Empire ends