World+War+I

media type="custom" key="13524740" 1914 - 1918 Made by Alyssa, Abi, & JJ



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"A man who is good enough to shed his blood for the country is good enough to be given a square deal afterwards."
 * Theodore Roosevelt**



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Terms:


 * 1) **__Triple Alliance__**- when Europe's great powers had been divided into two loose alliances, this is one of them which was made up of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
 * 2) __**Triple Entente**__- this is also when Europe's great powers were divided into two alliances, but this one was made up of France, Great Britain, and Russia.
 * 3) __**Conscription**__- the enlistment of people in some sort of national service, most often a military service. It dates back to antiquity and continues in some countries to the present day under various names.
 * 4) __** Militarism- **__ the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
 * 5)  __**Black Hand**__- a secret military society formed by members of the Serbian army in the Kingdom of Serbia, which was founded on 6 September 1901. It was intent on uniting all of the territories containing significant Serb populations annexed by Austria-Hungary.
 * 6)  __**Schlieffen Plan**__- it was the German plan to avoid a two-front war by concentrating troops in the west and quickly defeating the French and then, if necessary, rushing those troops by rail to the east to face the Russians before they had time to mobilize fully.
 * 7)  __**Propaganda**__- is a form of communication that is aimed at influencing the attitude of a community toward some cause or position. It is usually repeated and dispersed over a wide variety of media in order to create the desired result in audience attitudes.
 * 8) __**Trench Warfare**__- is a form of occupied fighting lines, consisting largely of trenches, in which troops are largely immune to the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery.
 * 9) __** Zeppelins- **__is a type of airship pioneered by the German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin i n the early 20th century, the German military made extensive use of Zeppelins as bombers and scouts.
 * 10) __**Armistice**__- is a situation in a war where the warring parties agree to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, since it might be just a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace.







==== World War I, called the World War or the Great War from the beginning until 1939, World War I after. It was a major war centered in Europe that started on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. It included all the world's great powers in two opposing alliances. The Allies (the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom, France and Russia) and the Central Powers (Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy) were the main forces of the war. The alliances both reorganized (Italy fought for the Allies), and expanded as more nations entered the war. ==== ==== Many long term problems led to the war but the assassination on 28 June 1914 of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, Austria-Hungary’s heir, by a Yugoslav nationalist was the main cause of the war. It resulted in a Habsburg against Serbia. Alliances that formed previously were re-kindled and soon weeks the major powers were at war along with their colonies. The conflict soon spread around the world. ==== ==== The conflict started with the invasion of Serbia by Austro-Hungarian, followed by the German invasion of Belgium, Luxembourg and France and a Russian attack against Germany. After the German march on Paris was brought to a halt, the Western Front had a trench line that changed little until 1917. In the East, the Russian army successfully fought against the Austro-Hungarian forces but was forced back by the German army. After a 1918 German offensive along the western front, United States forces entered the trenches and the Allies drove back the German armies in a series of successful offensives. The war had ended in a win for the Allies. ==== ==== Military tactics during World War I had allowed for impressive defense systems. Barbed wire and machine guns, made crossing open ground extremely difficult. The Germans introduced poison gas which soon became used by both sides, causing slow and painful death. Few ways were found around the gas without many casualties. ====



**PEOPLE:**
==== **1-Gavrilo Princip:** 1894–1918 was the man who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, Leading to the démarche to Serbia known as the July Ultimatum which set off a chain of events that led to World War I. ==== ==== **2-Franz Ferdinand**: 1863 –1914, Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia,] His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia. This caused the Central Powers) and the Allies to declare war on each other, starting World War I ==== ==== **3.Alfred von Schlieffen**: 1833 –1913 German field marshal and strategist who served as Chief of the Imperial German General Staff from 1891 to 1906. His name lived on in the 1905 Schlieffen Plan for the defeat of the French Third Republic and the Russian Empire. ==== ==== **4-Thomas Woodrow Wilson**: 1856 –1924 the 28th President of the United States, from 1913 to 1921 re-elected in 1916, he had full control of American entry into World War I, and his second term centered on World War I and the subsequent peace treaty negotiations in Paris. He based his re-election campaign around the slogan, "He kept us out of war” ==== ==== **5-Henning von Holtzendorff**: 1853 - 1919 German admiral during World War I who became famous for his December 1916 memo to Kaiser Wilhelm II about unrestricted submarine warfare against the United Kingdom, made a Grand Admiral in 1918 "I give your Majesty my word as an officer, that not one American will land on the Continent." ==== ==== **6-Georges Benjamin Clemenceau**: 1841 –1929 was a French journalist and statesman, served as the Prime Minister of France from 1906 to 1909, and 1917 to 1920. For nearly the final year of World War I he led France, and was one of the major voices designing the Treaty of Versailles at the Paris Peace Conference in the aftermath of the war. Nicknamed "Le Tigre" (The Tiger) he took a very harsh line against defeated Germany. ==== ==== **7-David Lloyd George**: 1863 –1945 was a British Liberal politician and statesman. best known as the highly energetic Prime Minister (1916–22) who guided the Empire through the First World War to victory over Germany and his allies. He was a major player at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 that reordered the world after the Great War. ==== ==== **8-Friedrich Ebert:** 1871 –1925 was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). members of the SPD were deeply divided because of the party's support for World War I. After the war and the end of the monarchy he served as the first President of Germany from 1919 until his death in office. Before being elected as President, he briefly served as Chancellor during the last months of the German Empire. ==== ==== **9-William II**: 1859 –1941 was the last German Emperor (Kaiser) and King of Prussia, ruling the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia from 1888 to 1918. He was a grandson of the British Queen Victoria and related to many monarchs and princes of Europe. ====